Beyond Replacement: Episode-Based Pathways Between Generative AI and School Counselor Help-Seeking Among Indonesian Adolescents
Explanatory sequential mixed-methods study of 432 Indonesian students aged 15 to 18. It maps how GenAI and human support, including school counselors, are used within the same personal or emotional problem episode. It identifies five pathways and tests which factors are associated with counselor involvement.
Publisher
Psychology in the Schools (Wiley)
Published
25 Sept 2026
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today
Key Findings
- 192 of 432 students (44.4%) had used GenAI for personal or emotional problems in the previous six months
- Among them, 35.4% used GenAI only, 25.5% moved from GenAI to non-school human support, 22.4% from GenAI to a school counselor, 11.5% used both in parallel and 5.2% went from counselor to GenAI
- 64.6% involved some human support within the same episode
- Psychological distress was not associated with counselor involvement; perceived counselor emotional support was the only independent correlate (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.11)
- Interviews (n=10) indicated GenAI made initial disclosure feel less risky
Methodology Notes
Survey (n=432) followed by interviews (n=10). Indonesian secondary students aged 15 to 18. Six-month recall, cross-sectional. Wiley landing page walled. Verified via the Crossref record (published online 2026-09-25; full abstract; author affiliations at Indonesian Islamic state universities).
Sources
Authors
Eko Sujadi, Raja Rahima Munawarah Raja Ahmad, Syaiful Indra
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Cite This
APA
Eko Sujadi, Raja Rahima Munawarah Raja Ahmad, Syaiful Indra. (2026). Beyond Replacement: Episode-Based Pathways Between Generative AI and School Counselor Help-Seeking Among Indonesian Adolescents. Psychology in the Schools (Wiley). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pits.70206