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How safety gets measured

Benchmarks & Datasets

Evaluation suites, test sets, and datasets for measuring conversational-AI safety — the instruments behind the claims.

17 entries, newest first

11 Aug 2026 arXiv preprint (University of Warwick / Forensic Capability Network) Benchmark / dataset

ConVAWG: A Retrieval-Grounded Framework for Controlled Synthetic Dialogue Generation in Violence Against Women and Girls

Framework and released corpus for generating synthetic multi-turn dialogues depicting Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) scenarios, built because privacy and legal constraints prevent release of…

1 Jul 2026 Association for Computational Linguistics (Findings of ACL 2026) Benchmark / dataset

MHSafeEval: Role-Aware Interaction-Level Evaluation of Mental Health Safety in Large Language Models

Peer-reviewed benchmark and taxonomy for mental-health safety in LLMs, published in Findings of ACL 2026. R-MHSafe is a role-aware safety taxonomy characterizing clinically significant harm by the in…

9 Jun 2026 arXiv (Emory University-led) Benchmark / dataset

Expert-Level Crisis Detection in Mental Health Conversations

A preprint introducing CRADLE-Dialogue, a clinician-annotated benchmark for turn-level crisis detection in multi-turn mental-health conversations, extending the same research group's earlier static-t…

3 Jun 2026 arXiv Benchmark / dataset

AICompanionBench: Benchmarking LLMs-as-Judges for AI Companion Safety

A benchmark dataset of 2,123 real-world Replika conversations annotated across nine safety risk categories (including sexual behavior, aggression, substance abuse, and manipulation) for evaluating LL…

27 May 2026 arXiv Benchmark / dataset

SuiChat-CN: Benchmarking Contextual Suicide Risk Assessment in Chinese Group Chats

A preprint introducing a Chinese-language benchmark for contextual suicide-risk assessment in multi-party group chats, addressing the gap left by prior post-level social-media studies. Built from pub…

7 Apr 2026 arXiv preprint Benchmark / dataset

GrandGuard: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Safeguards for Elderly-Chatbot Interaction Safety

Introduces a taxonomy of elderly-specific risks in LLM chatbot interactions (3 levels, 50 fine-grained risk types across mental well-being, financial, medical, toxicity, and privacy domains) grounded…

4 Feb 2026 arXiv (Spring Health / Slingshot AI-affiliated author team) Benchmark / dataset superseded

VERA-MH: Reliability and Validity of an Open-Source AI Safety Evaluation in Mental Health

An open-source, clinically grounded automated evaluation of chatbot safety in mental-health contexts, with an initial focus on suicide risk. It uses language-model user simulators and an LLM judge sc…

22 Nov 2025 Building Humane Technology Benchmark / dataset

HumaneBench: A Benchmark for Whether AI Models Prioritize User Wellbeing

Open-source benchmark testing whether AI models prioritise user wellbeing over engagement. Evaluates 15 major LLMs on roughly 800 prompts (body image, unhealthy attachment, relationship stress) acros…

7 Nov 2025 arXiv (NVIDIA) Benchmark / dataset

Pluralistic Behavior Suite: Stress-Testing Multi-Turn Adherence to Custom Behavioral Policies

Introduces the Pluralistic Behavior Suite, a benchmark that stress-tests how well language models keep to custom behavioral policies across multi-turn conversations. It spans 300 custom policies acro…

27 Oct 2025 arXiv (Emory University-led) Benchmark / dataset

CRADLE Bench: A Clinician-Annotated Benchmark for Multi-Faceted Mental Health Crisis and Safety Risk Detection

Introduces a clinician-annotated benchmark for detecting seven clinically-defined crisis and safety-risk types (including suicidal ideation, sexual assault, domestic violence, child abuse, and sexual…

13 Sept 2025 arXiv (King's College London-led) Benchmark / dataset

The Psychogenic Machine: Simulating AI Psychosis, Delusion Reinforcement and Harm Enablement in Large Language Models

Introduces psychosis-bench, a benchmark of 16 structured multi-turn scenarios (12 turns each) simulating the progression of erotic, grandiose, and referential delusions to measure delusion confirmati…

4 Aug 2025 arXiv (Hugging Face) Benchmark / dataset

INTIMA: A Benchmark for Human-AI Companionship Behavior

A benchmark evaluating companionship behaviors in LLMs via a taxonomy of 31 behaviors across four categories, using 368 targeted prompts that code each response as companionship-reinforcing, boundary…

2 Jun 2025 arXiv (Chinese research team) Benchmark / dataset

Evaluating Large Language Models in Crisis Detection: A Real-World Benchmark from Psychological Support Hotlines (PsyCrisisBench)

PsyCrisisBench is a real-world crisis-detection benchmark built from 540 annotated transcripts from a psychological support hotline in Hangzhou, China. It evaluates 64 models on mood recognition, sui…

20 May 2025 arXiv (Stanford-led) Benchmark / dataset

ELEPHANT: Measuring and Understanding Social Sycophancy in LLMs

A benchmark measuring 'social sycophancy' — excessive preservation of a user's self-image or 'face' — across advice and moral-conflict queries, decomposed into five sub-behaviors (emotional validatio…

1 Mar 2025 MLCommons Benchmark / dataset

AILuminate: Introducing v1.0 of the AI Risk and Reliability Benchmark from MLCommons

The technical paper introducing AILuminate v1.0, an industry-standard AI risk and reliability benchmark developed by MLCommons through an open multi-stakeholder process spanning industry, academia, a…